Ebolavirus interferon antagonists—protein interaction perspectives to combat pathogenesis

Combat Diabetic Nephropathy: From Pathogenesis to Treatment

1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan 2Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan 3Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee Uni...

Exploiting dominant-negative toxins to combat Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a human pathogen that relies on the subversion of host phagocytes to support its pathogenic lifestyle. S. aureus strains can produce up to five beta-barrel, bi-component, pore-forming leukocidins that target and kill host phagocytes. Thus, preventing immune cell killing by these toxins is likely to boost host immunity. Here, we describe the identification of...

Ebolavirus VP24 binding to karyopherins is required for inhibition of interferon signaling.

The Ebolavirus VP24 protein counteracts alpha/beta interferon (IFN-alpha/beta) and IFN-gamma signaling by blocking the nuclear accumulation of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT1 (PY-STAT1). According to the proposed model, VP24 binding to members of the NPI-1 subfamily of karyopherin alpha (KPNalpha) nuclear localization signal receptors prevents their binding to PY-STAT1, thereby preventing PY-STAT...

Soldier Perspectives on Small Arms in Combat

Varanid combat: perspectives from game theory

Most data on aggressive encounters in varanid lizards are qualitative and often anecdotal. The few quantitative reports have not explicitly tested the predictions generated by game theoretical models of animal combat despite their apparent relevance. The goal of this paper was to investigate whether the patterns evident in varanid contests conform to the predictions of the sequential assessment...